Drogas antiagregantes plaquetárias e anticoagulantes em pacientes que se submeterão à cirurgia oral: conduta / Antiagregant platelet and anticoagulant drugs in patients who will submit oral surgery: conduct

Objetivo: Como a frequência de pacientes em uso de anticoagulantes e antiagragantes plaquetários nos consultórios odontológicos é crescente, este trabalho objetivou avaliar através de Revisão de Literatura, qual o melhor manejo desses medicamentos na prática odontológica perioperatória. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizadas as bases de dados Scielo e PubMed. Foram escolhidos os seguintes descritores disponíveis na BVs e PubMed em inglês "Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors", "Oral Surgical Procedures" e "Antigoagulants" no período de 2016 a 2021. Também foram consultados livros e sites de diretrizes do Governo. Foram escolhidos 20 artigos para elaboração da pesquisa. Resultados: doenças cardiovasculares e outras condições clínicas pró-coagulantes tem prevalência crescente e são conhecidos fatores de risco para a ocorrência de fenômenos tromboembólicos graves. A terapia antitrombótica tem papel definido nesses casos. No perioperatorio de cirurgias orais, a decisão por suspender ou manter a terapia deve ser individualizada e pode ser orientada por guidelines. Conclusão: procedimentos orais de baixo risco de sangramento podem ser conduzidos sem a descontinuação da terapia antitrombótica. Cirurgias de moderado a alto risco frequentemente requerem suspensão temporária das medicações para fins de minimizar os riscos de complicações hemorrágicas... (AU)

Objective: As the frequency of patients using anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in dental offices is increasing, this study aimed to evaluate, through a Literature Review, which is the best management of these medications in dental perioperative practice. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review, being used Scielo and PubMed databases. The following descriptors available in BVs and PubMed "Platelet aggregation inhibitors", "Oral Surgical Procedures" and "Antigoagulants" were used, from 2016 to 2021. In addition, the search was also performed in guideline books and Government websites. Twenty articles were chosen for research elaboration. Results: established cardiovascular disease and other procoagulant clinical conditions have an increasing prevalence, especially among the elderly, and are known risk factors for the occurrence of severe thromboembolic phenomena. Antithrombotic therapy has defined role in these cases. In the perioperative period of oral surgery, the decision to suspend or maintain therapy must be individualized and may be guided by guidelines. Age appears as a clinical criterion in the main ones used. Conclusion: oral procedures with low risk of bleeding can be carried out without discontinuing antithrombotic therapy. Moderate to high-risk surgeries usually require its temporary suspension in order to minimize the risk of bleeding complications... (AU)

Manejo de ferimento extenso em terço médio da face / Extensive injury management in middle face chapter

Os ferimentos faciais variam nas suas características clínicas e complexidade, podendo gerar desde consequências emocionais, devido à possibilidade de deformidade, até o impacto econômico sobre o sistema de saúde, exigindo assim uma avaliação individualizada para cada caso. Deste modo, o objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o tratamento de lesão extensa no terço médio de face atendido pela Equipe de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial do Hospital da Restauração, Recife-PE. Paciente de 42 anos de idade, gênero masculino, apresentando amplo ferimento em face com exposição de todo o terço médio. No exame, constatou-se o envolvimento da região nasal com deslocamento de tegumento e exposição de cartilagem. Foi realizado o tratamento cirúrgico sob anestesia local, com infiltração de lidocaína associado a epinefrina 1:10000,além da administração de vacina antitetânicae do uso de antibióticos endovenoso durante internamento. Após 08 meses de acompanhamento, o mesmo se encontra com estética favorável e narinas pérvias. O tempo do tratamento inicial e a qualidade da primeira intervenção são fatores primordiais para um bom resultado... (AU)

Facial injuries vary in their clinical characteristics and complexity, and can have since emotional consequences, due to possibility of deformities, to economic impacts on health systems, what requires an individualized assessment for each case. The aim of this work is to report the treatment of an extensive lesion on middle third of the face, treated by the maxillofacial surgery and traumatology team of Hospital da Restauração, Recife-PE. A 42-year-old male patient, presenting a wide facial wound with exposure of the entire middle third. In the exam, it was found the involvement of the nasal region with displacement of the integument and exposure of cartilage. Surgical treatment was performed under local anesthesia, with infiltration of lidocaine associated with epinephrine 1:10,000, in addition to the administration of tetanus vaccine and the use of intravenous antibiotics during hospitalization. After 8 months of follow-up, he has a favorable aesthetic and clear nostrils. The time of the initial treatment and the quality of the first intervention are essential factors for a good result... (AU)

Surgical model pig ex vivo for venous dissection teaching in medical schools.

PURPOSE: To investigate a method for development of surgical skills in medical students simulating venous dissection in surgical ex vivo pig model. METHODS: Prospective, analytical, experimental, controlled study with four stages: selection, theoretical teaching, training and assessment. Sample of 312 students was divided into two groups: Group A - 2nd semester students; Group B - students of 8th semester. The groups were divided into five groups of 12 students, trained two hours per week in the semester. They set up four models to three students in each skill station assisted by a monitor. Teaching protocol emergency procedures training were applied to venous dissection, test goal-discursive and OSATS scale. RESULTS: The pre-test confirmed that the methodology has not been previously applied to the students. The averages obtained in the theoretical evaluation reached satisfactory parameters in both groups. The results of applying OSATS scale showed the best performance in group A compared to group B, however, both groups had satisfactory medium. CONCLUSION: The method was enough to raise a satisfactory level of skill both groups in venous dissection running on surgical swine ex vivo models.

Surgical model pig ex vivo for venous dissection teaching in medical schools

Abstract Purpose: To investigate a method for development of surgical skills in medical students simulating venous dissection in surgical ex vivo pig model. Methods: Prospective, analytical, experimental, controlled study with four stages: selection, theoretical teaching, training and assessment. Sample of 312 students was divided into two groups: Group A - 2nd semester students; Group B - students of 8th semester. The groups were divided into five groups of 12 students, trained two hours per week in the semester. They set up four models to three students in each skill station assisted by a monitor. Teaching protocol emergency procedures training were applied to venous dissection, test goal-discursive and OSATS scale. Results: The pre-test confirmed that the methodology has not been previously applied to the students. The averages obtained in the theoretical evaluation reached satisfactory parameters in both groups. The results of applying OSATS scale showed the best performance in group A compared to group B, however, both groups had satisfactory medium. Conclusion: The method was enough to raise a satisfactory level of skill both groups in venous dissection running on surgical swine ex vivo models.